Examples of Matrix Factorizations from SYZ

We find matrix factorization corresponding to an anti-diagonal in ${\mathbb C}P^1 \times {\mathbb C}P^1$, and circle fibers in weighted projective lines using the idea of Chan and Leung of Strominger-Yau-Zaslow transformations. For the tear drop orbifolds, we apply this idea to find matrix factorizations for two types of potential, the usual Hori-Vafa potential or the bulk deformed (orbi)-potential. We also show that the direct sum of anti-diagonal with its shift, is equivalent to the direct sum of central torus fibers with holonomy $(1,-1)$ and $(-1,1)$ in the Fukaya category of ${\mathbb C}P^1 \times {\mathbb C}P^1$, which was predicted by Kapustin and Li from B-model calculations

The effects of concordance-based electronic glosses on L2 vocabulary learning

The present study investigates the effects of two different vocabulary learning conditions in digital reading environments equipped with electronic textual glossing. The first condition presents the concordance lines of a target lexical item, thereby making learners infer its meaning by reading the referenced sentences. The second condition additionally offers the definition of a target lexical item after learners consult the concordance lines, thus enabling learners to confirm their meaning inference. A total of 138 English as a Foreign Language students completed a meaning-recall vocabulary pre-test, and three different reading tasks, which were followed by meaning-recall vocabulary post-tests in a repeated measures design with a control condition. Overall, the findings showed that the second condition resulted in higher vocabulary gains than both the first condition andthe control condition. Yet, a closer look at the interactions of (a) the participants’ clicking behaviors, (b) the difficulty of selected concordance lines, (c) the surrounding contexts around target lexical items, and (d) the participants’ prior knowledge of the target lexical items showed that each target lexical item may require different treatments for it to be recalled most efficiently and effectively. Through this investigation, the present study suggests that glossary information, such as concordance lines, may involve more complex and unexpected learner interactions

La connaissance de soi à travers l'énergie artistique

L’origine de ma démarche artistique a été le changement de mon identité, provoqué par mon arrivée en territoire inconnu. Je recherche la connaissance du Moi à travers l’énergie artistique présente dans mes œuvres. Quelle puissance l’autorise et d’où vient-elle ? Qu’y a-t-il à l’origine de ma création ? En tant que membre de la société, je choisis comme thème, parmi les différents phénomènes sociaux, les difficultés et les confusions que nous vivons du fait des déstabilisations culturelles dues aux déplacements fréquents. Dans mes déplacements fréquents, je ressens un changement de mon identité, que je cherche à transcrire plastiquement, tout en l’acceptant comme source essentielle de création. J’ai donc réfléchi au concept de la volonté artistique - « Kunstwollen » - d’Aloïs Riegl. Pourquoi vouloir représenter délibérément les expériences personnelles douloureuses dans l’œuvre d’art ? J’ai compris que, finalement, mes œuvres peuvent me libérer de mes problèmes, dans l’espoir de les surmonter et m’en débarrasser. Cette énergie artistique permet qu’une vie constitue un acte artistique ou une vie sublimée en tant qu’art. Je me concentre sur le Moi pour connaître mon identité à l’aide de l’énergie artistique

The role of motivation and vocabulary learning strategies in L2 vocabulary knowledge: A structural equation modeling analysis

This study explores the complex relationships between language learning motivation, vocabulary learning strategies, and two components of second language vocabulary knowledge (i.e., vocabulary size and depth), within the framework of self-regulated learning. Responses to questionnaires were gathered from 185 secondary-level Korean adolescent learners of English as a foreign language, regarding their motivation and vocabulary learning strategy use; additionally, the results of their vocabulary size and depth tests were collected. We adopted structural equation modeling for analysis, with vocabulary learning strategies consisting of memory, cognitive, and metacognitive categories, and vocabulary knowledge consisting of vocabulary size and depth. The results showed that motivation directly predicted vocabulary learning strategies and vocabulary knowledge, and indirectly predicted vocabulary knowledge via vocabulary learning strategies. When further classified, intrinsic motivation was found to have a stronger influence on the use of vocabulary learning strategies and vocabulary knowledge than extrinsic motivation. We discuss the implications of increasing learners’ motivation and repertoire of strategies for improving vocabulary size and depth.This study explores the complex relationships between language learning motivation, vocabulary learning strategies, and two components of second language vocabulary knowledge (i.e., vocabulary size and depth), within the framework of self-regulated learning. Responses to questionnaires were gathered from 185 secondary-level Korean adolescent learners of English as a foreign language, regarding their motivation and vocabulary learning strategy use; additionally, the results of their vocabulary size and depth tests were collected. We adopted structural equation modeling for analysis, with vocabulary learning strategies consisting of memory, cognitive, and metacognitive categories, and vocabulary knowledge consisting of vocabulary size and depth. The results showed that motivation directly predicted vocabulary learning strategies and vocabulary knowledge, and indirectly predicted vocabulary knowledge via vocabulary learning strategies. When further classified, intrinsic motivation was found to have a stronger influence on the use of vocabulary learning strategies and vocabulary knowledge than extrinsic motivation. We discuss the implications of increasing learners’ motivation and repertoire of strategies for improving vocabulary size and depth

Effects of EMI-CLIL on secondary-level students’ English learning: A multilevel meta-analysis

This meta-analysis synthesized the effects of the English medium instruction and content and language integrated learning (EMI-CLIL) approach on secondary-level students’ English learning. The dataset included 44 samples (N = 7,434) from 38 primary studies. The results revealed EMI-CLIL’s overall effectiveness for the development of English competence compared to the mainstream condition in the short term (d = 0.73, SE = 0.06, 95% CI [0.61, 0.86]) and longer term (d = 1.01, SE = 0.06, 95% CI [0.88, 1.15]). Additionally, we found that EMI-CLIL’s overall effectiveness was influenced by several moderator variables. Its effectiveness was significantly: (1) higher for learners whose first language (L1) was linguistically related to English; (2) lower for primary studies which confirmed the homogeneity of the EMI-CLIL and comparison groups; (3) lower when studies targeted the productive (rather than receptive or overall) dimension of English learning; and (4) higher when outcome measures focused on vocabulary. Implications for pedagogy and future research are discussed

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Department of Biomedical EngineeringIn the brain, iron is an essential element in oxygen supply through blood vessels, energy metabolism, myelin formation, and neurotransmitter synthesis for brain development with maintaining homeostasis. However, even in healthy people, as they grow older, iron levels increase steadily in some regions of the brain. Among the inevitable iron deposits with aging, the unbound labile iron generates reactive oxygen and free radicals, which produce stress on the brain tissue and necrosis of cells, which are closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases. These finally promote neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson???s disease and Alzheimer???s disease, which accompany the damage in behavior and cognitive function. Therefore, developing magnetic resonance imaging-based biomarkers to detect various iron clusters deposited in the brain is crucial work for diagnosing and monitoring related diseases. However, it???s still impossible to classify the states of iron and separate the various forms of iron deposited in the brain. The aim of this study was to develop multi-color iron magnetic resonance imaging and the investigation of its in vivo feasibility through translation research from the preclinical trials including postmortem magnetic resonance imaging with histopathological validation to clinical application. In the first section, it was discovered that the neuromelanin pigment within the human substantia nigra is only sensitive to T2* than other magnetic resonance contrast due to its paramagnetic property. Subsequently, the technique for specific visualization of neuromelanin-iron clusters in postmortem substantia nigra tissue was developed using combined T2 and T2* (T2*/T2 or T2*/T22) with histopathological validation supported by the Monte Carlo simulation. Separate segmentations of the areas of iron detected in the T2 map and neuromelanin observed in the T2*/T2 map (or T2*/T22 map) were available within the substantia nigra. The dorsal linear mismatch of T2 and T2* was consistently detected in the brains of healthy controls. However, it was shortened in the diseased brains. In vivo feasibility and implication of developed technique as a clinical biomarker were quantitatively demonstrated in the patients of Parkinson???s disease compared to healthy subjects. In the second section, the iron deposition along the myelinated fiber of white matter was identified in the diseased brains. The iron-rich white matter at the frontal subcortical area contributes to the positive susceptibility in the patients of Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia. Susceptibility-weighted imaging presented the noticeable phase signal showing the tree-like structure in the white matter of the frontal brain, with striking atrophy. This kind of rare tissue contrast in susceptibility-weighted imaging can aid to define Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia. Besides, the deposited iron was verified on the myelinated fibers of the 3rd cranial nerve, which is the oculomotor nerve within the brain of progressive supranuclear palsy. Our results demonstrated the enhanced magnetic resonance susceptibility value between the area of substantia nigra and red nucleus shown in the brain of progressive supranuclear palsy derives from exaggerated iron concentration on the myelinated fibers of the nerves between two structures. In conclusion, the developed techniques of multi-color iron magnetic resonance imaging in this thesis can be useful imaging biomarkers to evaluate the progressive change of several iron-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Perry syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy, Parkinson???s disease, and Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia. The advanced research will be implemented to validate the alteration of magnetic resonance signal with the presence of iron molecules chelated to beta-amyloid or tau with Alzheimer???s disease progression.ope